Council of Europe

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The Council of Europe is an international organization of 47 member countries working to foster democracy and human rights. The Council maintains a Bioethics Division within its Legal Affairs field, guided by a Steering Committee on Bioethics.

The Council’s Convention on Biomedicine and Human Rights was opened for signatures in 1997 and went into force in 1998. It explicitly prohibits inheritable genetic modification, somatic genetic modification for enhancement purposes, social sex selection, and the creation of human embryos solely for research purposes.

Human reproductive cloning was banned by an Additional Protocol on the Prohibition of Cloning Human Beings. It was opened for signatures in 1998 and went into force that same year.

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Table

The Table shows the status of the 1997 Biomedicine Convention and the 1998 Additional Protocol on Human Cloning for each member state.

You can click the icon in any column heading to sort by that column. To sort the other direction, click it again.

Key

  • RATIFIED: This country has ratified this measure, and thus agrees to abide by its provisions.
  • signed: This country has signed this measure, indicating an intent to ratify it.
  • blank cell: This country has neither signed nor ratified this measure.


You can click the icon in any column heading to sort by that column. To sort the other direction, click it again.


Country Population 1997 COE Biomedicine Convention 1998 COE Cloning Convention
Albania 36005203,600,520
Andorra 7182271,822
Armenia 32299003,229,900
Austria 83164908,316,490
Azerbaijan 86530008,653,000
Belgium 1058450010,584,500
Bosnia and Herzegovina 39812403,981,240 RATIFIED
Bulgaria 79330007,933,000 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Croatia 44535004,453,500 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Cyprus 788457788,457 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Czech Republic 1038110010,381,100 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Denmark 54757905,475,790 RATIFIED signed
Estonia 13406001,340,600 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Finland 53082105,308,210 signed signed
France 6447310064,473,100 signed signed
Georgia 46614704,661,470 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Germany 8221000082,210,000
Greece 1121670011,216,700 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Hungary 1005300010,053,000 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Iceland 316252316,252 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Ireland 60000006,000,000
Italy 5944820059,448,200 signed signed
Latvia 22707002,270,700 signed signed
Liechtenstein 3536535,365
Lithuania 33696003,369,600 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Luxembourg 480222480,222 signed signed
Macedonia 20385102,038,510 signed signed
Malta 402000402,000
Moldova 41280504,128,050 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Monaco 3267132,671
Montenegro 684736684,736 signed
Netherlands 1640860016,408,600 signed signed
Norway 47527404,752,740 RATIFIED signed
Poland 3851820038,518,200 signed signed
Portugal 1084870010,848,700 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Romania 2224690022,246,900 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Russia 142008838142,008,838
San Marino 2961529,615 RATIFIED signed
Serbia 1015030010,150,300 signed
Slovakia 54475025,447,502 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Slovenia 20233602,023,360 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Spain 4520070045,200,700 RATIFIED RATIFIED
Sweden 91829309,182,930 signed signed
Switzerland 75914007,591,400 signed signed
Turkey 7058625670,586,256 RATIFIED signed
Ukraine 4637270046,372,700 signed signed
United Kingdom 6058730060,587,300